(4.1.13) Difference between ‘Hear’ and ‘Listen’ (Hear V/S Listen)

 Difference between ‘Hear’ and ‘Listen’ (Hear V/S Listen)

‘Hear’ और ‘Listen’ दोनों शब्दों का अर्थ होता है ‘सुनना’. लेकिन इनके भावार्थ में अंतर है.

‘Hear’ का अर्थ होता है ‘बिना प्रयास के सुनना.’ यह एक Transitive Verb (सकर्मक क्रिया) है. ‘Hear’ प्रयोग उन ध्वनियों के लिए किया जाता है जो हमारे कानों में आती है; चाहे हम उन्हें सुनना चाहें या नहीं सुनना चाहें. जैसे –

I heard a loud noise in the room.

मैंने कमरे में तेज शोर सुना.

When you go for a walk, you may hear the chirping of the birds.

जब तुम घूमने जाओ तो पक्षियों की चहचाहट सुन सकते हो.

‘Listen’ का अर्थ होता है ‘ध्यान पूर्वक सुनना’. यह एक Intransitive Verb (अकर्मक क्रिया) है. उदाहरण –

He listened to the speaker.

उसने वक्ता को (ध्यानपूर्वक) सुना.

I always listen to what you say.

जो तुम कहते हो मैं उसे (ध्यानपूर्वक) सुनता हूँ.

 

(4.1.12) Difference between ‘Write with’ and ‘Write in’‘ (‘Write with a pencil’ and ‘Write in pencil’)

 Difference between ‘Write with’ and ‘Write in’‘ (‘Write with a pencil’ and ‘Write in pencil’)

“Write with’ और ‘Write in’ दोनों का ही अर्थ होता है “से लिखना’ लेकिन इनके प्रयोग में अंतर है. “Write with’ का प्रयोग तब किया जाता है जब लिखने के लिए हम किसी tool या instrument (उपकरण या साधन ) को काम में लेते हैं. इस स्थिति में instrument या tool के पहले article का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

Examples

I write with a pen. मैं पेन से लिखता हूँ.

I write with a pencil. मैं पेंसिल से लिखता हूँ.

“Write in’ का प्रयोग तब किया जाता है जब लिखने के लिए हम किसी medium या material (माध्यम या पदार्थ ) को काम में लेते हैं. इस स्थिति में medium या material के पहले article का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है. जैसे –

Examples –

I usually write in black ink. मैं सामान्यतया काली स्याही से लिखता हूँ.

I write in pencil. मैं पेंसिल से लिखता हूँ.

You can write the answer of this question either in ink or in pencil. तुम इस प्रश्न का उत्तर पेन से या पेंसिल से लिख सकते हो.

 

 

 

(4.1.11) Difference between 'Good' and 'well'

 Difference between ‘Good’ and ‘Well’ ‘Good’ और ‘Well’ के बीच अंतर

‘Good’ का अर्थ होता है – अच्छा, अच्छे या अच्छी. ‘Good’ एक adjective (विशेषण) है इसलिए  इसका प्रयोग Noun (संज्ञा) या pronoun (सर्वनाम) की विशेषता बताने के लिए किया जाता है. जैसे - 

Examples –

Hari is a good player. हरि एक अच्छा खिलाड़ी है.

We should read good books. हमें अच्छी पुस्तकें पढ़नी चाहिए.

This is a good idea. यह एक अच्छा विचार है.

Good students obey their teachers. अच्छे विद्यार्थी अपने अध्यापकों का सम्मान करते हैं.

‘Well’ का अर्थ होता है – ‘अच्छा’ या ‘अच्छी तरह से’. ‘Well’ एक adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) है इसलिए इसका प्रयोग Verb (क्रिया) की विशेषता बताने के लिए किया जाता है. जैसे –

Examples –

I did not sleep well last night. मैं पिछली रात अच्छी तरह नहीं सोया.

He can speak English well. वह अंग्रेजी अच्छी (तरह) बोलती है.

Ram plays football well. राम फुटबॉल अच्छी खेलता है.

अब इन वाक्यों को देखिये –

She is a good dancer. She dances well. वह एक अच्छी नर्तकी है. वह अच्छा नाचती है.

A good teacher teaches well. एक अच्छा अध्यापक अच्छा पढाता है.

Other related Posts -

(4.1.1) What is the difference between 'a number of' and 'the number of'
(4.1.2) Difference between 'People' and 'Peoples'
(4.1.3) Difference between Many and Many a
(4.1.4) Fairly and Rather 
(4.1.5) Difference between 'In Time' and 'On Time'  
(4.1.6) Differnce between 'No' and 'Not'
(4.1.7) Difference between 'Beside' and 'Besides'
(4.1.8) Difference between 'Before' and 'Ago'.

(4.1.9) Difference between 'A' and 'One' 

(4.1.10) Difference between 'Clean' and 'Clear'

(3.1.8) Use of 'Its' and 'It's'  Difference between 'Its' and 'It's' 

(4.1.11) Difference between 'Good' and 'well'

(3.1.7) Use Of 'Its' and 'It' s' / Difference between 'its' and it's'

 

Use of ‘Its’ and ‘It's’ / Difference between ‘Its’ and ‘It's’

Use of ‘Its’ (इट्स)

‘Its’ सर्वनाम ‘It’ का सम्बन्ध सूचक विशेषण (Possessive Adjective) का रूप है. इसका अर्थ होता है ‘इसका / इसकी / इसके / उसका / उसकी / उसके.’

इसका प्रयोग किसी जानवर, निर्जीव वस्तु या किसी छोटे बच्चे के लिए अधिकार (possession) या स्वामित्व (ownership) का भाव प्रकट करने के लिए किया जाता है.

उदहारण -

A cow is a pet animal. Its milk is very useful for children. गाय एक पालतू पशु है. इसका दूध बच्चों के लिए बहुत उपयोगी होता है.

Udaipur is famous for its lakes. उदयपुर इसकी झीलों के लिए प्रसिद्ध है.

It is a well. Its platform is high. यह एक कुआ है. इसकी जगत ऊँची है.

The bird is sitting in its nest. चिड़िया उसके घोंसले बैठी हुई है.

The baby has broken its toy. बच्चे ने उसका खिलौना तोड़ दिया है.

Use of ‘It’s (इट्ज) -

‘It’s’ को ‘it is’ या ‘It has’ का संक्षिप्त रूप माना जाता है.

उदहारण –

It’s = It is

It’s raining now. = It is raining now. अभी वर्षा हो रही है.

It’s not a good idea. यह एक अच्छा विचार नहीं है.

It’s 2 o’clock. दो बजे हैं.

It’s very cold today. आज बहुत सर्दी है.

उदहारण –

It’s = It has

It’s been raining since morning. = It has been raining since morning. सुबह से वर्षा हो रही है.

A cow is a gentle animal. It’s two horns. (Here, it’s = it has) गाय एक विनम्र जानवर है. इसके दो सींग होते हैं.

It’s rained for two hours. दो घंटे तक वर्षा हुई है.

It’s been an unforgettable day. यह एक अविस्मरणीय दिन रहा है.

Exercise -

India is an old country. ----- people are peace loving. (Its / It’s)

---- been a nice day. (Its / It’s)

---- a nice day. (Its / It’s)

---- stopped raining. (Its / It’s)

----- been a long time I met you. (Its / It’s)

----- a temple. ------ its long history. (Its / It’s)

 

 

(4.1.10.) Difference between 'Clean' and 'clear'

 

Clean और Clear में अंतर (Difference between ‘clean’ and ‘clear’)

clean = स्वच्छ, गंदगी रहित साफ़ और clear = स्पष्ट, आवरण रहित साफ़  

जैसे – ‘The water is clean’.

‘The water is clear.’

इन दोनों में से पहले वाक्य ‘The water is clean’ का तात्पर्य है कि पानी स्वच्छ है, साफ़ है, शुद्ध है यानी गंदगी रहित है, इसमें रोग उत्पन्न करने वाली गंदगी नहीं है.

जबकि दूसरे वाक्य  ‘The water is clear’. का तात्पर्य है कि पानी साफ़ है, यानि इसकी स्पष्टता  के कारण जिस पात्र में यह (पानी) है, उसका पेंदा दिखाई पड़ सकता है. परन्तु यह पानी साफ़ होते हुए भी इसमें रोग के कीटाणु हो सकते हैं.

यानि ‘clear water’ का ‘clean’ होना आवश्यक नहीं है जबकि ‘clean water’ तो ‘clear’ होगा ही.

इसलिए हम कहते हैं – We should drink clean water.

इसी प्रकार अन्य उदाहरण देखिये – ‘The road is clean’ इस वाक्य का तात्पर्य है कि सड़क साफ़ है, इस पर गंदगी नहीं है. सफाई कर्मियों ने इस पर झाडू लगा दिया है.

जबकि ‘The road is clear’ इस का तात्पर्य है कि सडक पर कोई रुकावट नहीं है, इसे सरलता पूर्वक पार किया जा सकता है.

इसलिए कहा जाता है – “ One should cross the road when it is clear.”

ऐसे ही जब हम कहते हैं – “Clean the table” तो इसका तात्पर्य है कि table पर धूल आदि के कारण गंदगी है, इसे कपडे से साफ़ कर दो.

जबकि ‘Clear the table.’ का तात्पर्य है कि table पर किताबें, कागज, पेन आदि अव्यवस्थित पड़े हुए हैं, इनको हटा कर table को साफ़ कर दो.  

I hope the difference between the words ‘Clean’ and ‘Clear’ is now clear.   

  

 

 

(4.1.8) Difference between 'Before' and 'Ago'

What is the difference between 'Before' and 'Ago' ? Before और  Ago में क्या अंतर है ?

1. 'Before' means formerly (पहले  )
Examples :
He did that once before.
He never saw me before.
2. 'Ago' means from the present time dating backwards. (वर्तमान समय से पीछे की तरफ )
Examples :
His father died six years ago.
They came here three days ago. 

(4.1.7) Difference between 'Beside' and 'Besides'

What is the difference between 'Beside'and 'Besides' ?

Difference between ‘Beside’ and ‘Besides’

Beside /बिसाइड / का अर्थ होता है ‘पास में’ या ‘बगल में’ या ‘समीप’ यानि ‘By the side of’

और ‘Besides’ /बिसाइड्ज /का अर्थ होता है ‘के अतिरिक्त’ या ‘के अलावा’ यानि ‘in addition to’

अब इनका वाक्यों में प्रयोग देखिये –

Examples –

Ram came and sat beside me. राम आया और मेरे पास बैठ गया.

The baby was sleeping beside his mother. बच्चा उसकी माँ के पास सोया हुआ था.

He stood beside me. वह मेरे पास खड़ा हो गया.

Can you play any other game besides football ? क्या तुम फुटबॉल के अलावा कोई अन्य खेल भी खेल सकते हो ?

I can speak English besides Hindi. मैं हिन्दी के अतिरिक्त अंग्रेजी भी बोल सकता हूँ.

He gave me money besides moral support. उसने नैतिक समर्थन के अलावा मुझे धन भी दिया. 

अब इन वाक्यों को देखिये –

There is a pond -------   the school. (beside / besides)

We ate mangoes -----    apples. (beside / besides)

India exports tea --------   cotton. (beside / besides)

The dog was lying -----    the table. (beside / besides)

अब सही उत्तर जानिये –

There is a pond beside the school.

We ate mangoes besides apples.

India exports tea besides cotton.

The dog was lying beside the table. 

(4.1.6) Use of 'No' and 'Not' / Difference between 'No' and 'Not'

Difference between 'No' and 'Not'/ Use of 'No' and 'Not'

(1) 'No' is used as an adjective.
'Not' is used as an adverb.
'No' is used before a noun. This noun can be singular or plural.
'Not' is used to make a sentence negative.
(2) No = Not any
'No' is an adjective.
'No' is used before singular and plural nouns.
After 'No' articles (a, an, the ) and possessive pronouns (my, his, their) are not used.
Examples -
The boy has no money to buy new books.
I have no pen to write with.
There are no boys in the class now.
No news is good news.
No one knows what will happen tomorrow.
(3) Not = A word expressing denial or negation.
> 'Not' is used as an adverb.
There isn't any book on the table.
> When 'Not' is used after the verb 'to be' (is, am, are, was, were, etc.) , the following patterns are used -
(A) Subject + verb to be + not + a/an + singular countable noun
There isn't a boy in the room.
( in this sentence 'any' can be used in place of 'a'.) There isn't any boy in the room.
He isn't a teacher.
(B) Subject + verb 'to be' + not + plural noun or uncountable noun (without any article)
They aren't cows.
There isn't light in the room.
(C) Subject + verb 'to be ' + not + adjective ( In this pattern 'No' cannot be used because 'no' cannot qualify any adjective.)
This picture is not beautiful.
You are not bad.

(4.1.5) Difference between 'In Time' and 'On Time' /Use of 'In Time' and 'On Time'

What is the difference between 'In Time' and 'On Time' (Use of 'In time' and 'On time' )

'In time' means 'not late' or 'early enough' or before the appointed time.
On time means 'not late' punctually, or  at the scheduled time.
Examples :
I went to the station in time to receive the Director.
In time to receive the director 'means' early enough to receive the Director.
The train arrived on time means the train arrived punctually.

(4.1.3) 'Many and Many a' / Difference between 'Many' and ' Many a'

What is the difference between 'Many' and 'Many a' ( The use of 'Many' and 'Many a')

'Many' is used with plural nouns to mean ' a large number of'.
Examples :
Many people feel that the law must be followed rigidly.
It is one of our many errors.
Many soldiers are killed in wars.
I have many friends.
They have many cows.
There are not many books in the library.
Were there many books in the library ?
He worked for many years and at last got success.
'Many a' is used with a singular noun and verb to mean 'a large number of '.
Examples :
Many a good man suffers due to the faults of others.
Many a good man  = Many good men
Many a soldiers is killed in wars.
Many a soldier = Many soldiers
It was known by only a few persons for many a year.
For many a year= For many years.
Many a student comes here to solve their problems.
Many a student = Many students.
'Many an' can also be used in place of 'many a' if a vowel sound giving words comes after it.
Many an engineer can solve this technical problem easily.
(Many an engineer = Many engineers)

(4.1.4)Fairly and Rather / Difference between Fairly and Rather

What is the difference between Fairly and Rather

1. 'Fairly' and 'Rather' are adverbs. They are used to express' to a moderate degree.'
2. 'Fairly' is used with a positive or pleasant idea.
'Rather' is used with a negative or an unpleasant idea.
 Examples :
The crow was fairly clever, but the fox was rather foolish.
Hari is fairly rich.
Ram is rather poor.
I did fairly well in the examination, but he did rather badly.
3. 'Fairly' is used with the favourable adjectives, or adverbs, as : well, nice, good, clever, wise, pleasant.
This idea is fairly nice.
4. 'Rather' is used with the unfavourable adjectives or adverbs, as :
 ugly, bad, silly, foolish, stupid, cunning.
His hand writing is rather ugly.
5. With adjectives or adverbs such as 'fast', 'slow', 'thick', 'thin', 'hot', 'cold', etc. which are not in themselves 'favourable' or 'unfavourable', one can express approval by using 'fairly' and disapproval by using 'rather', as-
The tea is fairly hot. (The speaker likes such hot tea.)
The tea is rather hot. (The tea is a little too hot for the speaker.)
Some more examples  -
1. It is rather cold today, I must put on an overcoat.
2. Be careful. That knife is rather sharp.
3. I showed him a book and he was fairly interested.
4. We have had a fairly good holiday.
5. she is rather a foolish kind of girl.
6. You can speak English fairly well.
7. The film was rather bad.

(4.1.2) Difference between People and Peoples

What is the difference between 'People' and 'Peoples'

The use of 'People' and 'Peoples'
1. 'People' is a collective noun which though singular in form, is used as plural; as,
Some people are mad after riches.
Many people were standing in a queue.
2. As a common noun 'People' means 'a nation', and is used in both singular and plural; as,
The Indians are a hard working people (nation).
There are many peoples (nations) in Europe.
3. 'Peoples' - the members of a particular nation or community or ethnic group.
The native peoples of Canada.
4. 'Peoples' - a body of persons sharing a common religion, culture or language.
The peoples of central Asia.

(4.1.1) Difference between 'A number of' and 'The number of'

What is the difference between 'A number  of---' and 'The number of ---'

'A number of'' means 'many'.
'The number of' means 'a single figure'
"A number of ---" is treated as a plural subject so it takes a plural verb:
A number of books are lying on the floor.
A number of boys have already come here.
A number of students have got good marks in English.
A number of girls are absent today.
"The number of ----" is treated as a singular subject so it takes a singular verb:
The number of girls in the class is twenty.
The number of books missing is not known.