Showing posts with label conversation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label conversation. Show all posts

Monday, 26 August 2024

(9.2.8) Meaning and Use of 'O'clock'

 Meaning and use of ‘O’clock’

‘O’clock’ is the short form of the phrase ‘of the clock’. We use it to show the exact hour of the day. 

‘O’clock’ शब्द ‘of the clock’ वाक्यांश का संक्षिप्त रूप है. हम इसका प्रयोग दिन का सटीक घंटा बताने के लिए करते हैं. ‘O’clock’ का अर्थ होता है ‘बजे’

Examples –

It is ten o’clock. दस बजे हैं.

It is three o’clock by my watch. मेरी घडी में तीन बजे हैं.

It was nine o’clock at night. रात्रि के 10 बजे थे.

I went to bed at ten o’clock last night. मैं पिछली रात्रि को 10 बजे सोया था.

It was ten o’clock in the morning. सुबह के 10 बजे थे.

 

(9.2.7) Use of A.M. (a.m.) and P.M. (p.m.)

 Use of A.M. (a.m.) and P.M. (p.m.)

Rule - 1

A.M. (a.m.) is the short form of the latin word ‘ante meridiem’ which means ‘before noon’ or before ‘midday’. So we use a.m. for the time after midnight to noon or midday. 

A.M. लैटिन भाषा के शब्द ‘ante meridiem का सक्षिप्त रूप है, जिसका अर्थ होता है, दोपहर से पहले. इसलिए हम रात्रि के 12 बजे से दिन के 12 तक के समय के लिए a.m. का प्रयोग करते हैं.    

Example –

I get up at 5 a.m. everyday. = I get up at 5 in the morning.

Rule - 2

P.M. (p.m) is the short form of the Latin word ‘post meridiem’ which means ‘after noon’ or ‘after midday’. So we use p.m. for the time after noon or midday to midnight. 

P.M. लैटिन भाषा के शब्द ‘post meridiem का सक्षिप्त रूप है, जिसका अर्थ होता है, दोपहर से बाद. इसलिए हम दिन के 12 बजे से रात्रि के 12 तक के समय के लिए p.m. का प्रयोग करते हैं.  

Example -

We shall reach there at 6 p.m. = We shall reach there at 6 in the evening.  

 

 

(9.2.6) Asking and telling the time in English

Asking and telling the time in English

Asking the time समय पूछना

The following are the ways to ask the time – समय पूछने के निम्नांकित तरीके हैं -

What time is it? क्या बजा है? (कितने बजे हैं?)

What time is it now? अभी क्या समय हुआ है? (अभी कितने बजे हैं?)

What time is it now by your watch? आपकी घड़ी में कितने बजे हैं?

What is the time now? अभी क्या समय हुआ है?

Could you tell me the time, please? कृपया, क्या आप मुझे समय बता सकते हैं?

Telling the time समय बताना

Rule- 1

जब किसी भी घंटे का पूर्ण समय हुआ हो; जैसे – पूरे 1, 2 या 3 या कोई भी समय हुआ हो तो समय बताने के लिए o’clock का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

तीन बजे – three o’clock

चार बजे – four o’clock

Examples -

Q. What time is it now? अभी क्या समय हुआ है?
A. It is ten o’clock. दस बजे हैं.

Q. What is the time by your watch? तुम्हारी घडी में कितने बजे हैं?

A. It is three o’clock by my watch. मेरी घडी में तीन बजे हैं.

Rule – 2

जब पूर्ण समय से कुछ ज्यादा समय हुआ हो तो उसे बताने के लिए ‘past’ का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

तीन बज कर दस मिनट = Ten minutes past three (three o’clock.)

चार बज कर पाँच मिनट = Five minutes past four (o’clock).

Examples –

What time is it by Ram’s watch? राम की घड़ी में कितने बजे हैं?

It is ten minutes past four by Ram’s watch. राम की घड़ी में चार बजकर दस मिनट हुए हैं.

Q. - What time is it? क्या बजा है?

A. - It is twenty minutes past two o’clock. दो बजकर बीस मिनट हुए हैं.

Q. - What is the time by your watch? तुम्हारी घडी में कितने बजे हैं?

A.- It is seven minutes past seven by my watch. मेरी घडी में सात बज कर सात मिनट हुए हैं.

Note – ऐसे वाक्यों में ‘minutes’ और ‘o’clock को छोड़ा भी जा सकता है. जैसे –

 It is twenty (minutes) past two (o’clock). दो बजकर बीस मिनट हुए हैं.

It is ten (minutes) past ten (o’clock). दस बज कर दस मिनट हुए हैं.

Rule – 3

जब पूर्ण समय होने में कुछ समय बचा हो तो, उसे बताने के लिए ‘to’ का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

It is ten (minutes) to ten (o’clock). दस बजने में दस मिनट हैं.

It is thirteen minutes to five. पाँच बजने में तेरह मिनट हैं.

Rule – 4

‘सवा’ के लिए ‘a quarter past’ का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

सवा दो a quarter past two.

सवा पांच a quarter past five.

Examples –

It is a quarter past four. सवा चार बजे हैं.

it is a quarter past ten by my watch. मेरी घड़ी सवा दस बजे हैं.

Rule – 5

“पौने’ के लिए ‘ a quarter to’ का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे -

a quarter to three. पौने तीन

a quarter to six. पौने छः

Examples –

It is a quarter to five by my watch. मेरी घड़ी में पौने पाँच बजे हैं.

It is a quarter to ten. पौने दस बजे हैं.

Rule – 6

‘साढ़े’ के लिए ‘half past’ का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

साढ़े सात half past seven

साढ़े आठ half past eight

It is half past seven.साढ़े सात बजे हैं.

It is half past four by my watch. मेरी घड़ी में साढ़े चार बजे हैं.

Rule – 7

जब किसी निश्चित समय पर कोई कार्य किया जाता है या होता है, तो समय से पहले ‘at’ (preposition) का प्रयोग किया जाता है. जैसे –

He came to me at 5 o’clock. वह मेरे पास पाँच बजे आया.

The sun sets at six o’clock. सूर्य छः बजे अस्त होता है.

The meeting will begin at a quarter to three. बैठक पौने तीन बजे शुरू होगी.

I take tea at half past six. मैं साढ़े छः बजे चाय पीता हूँ.

He will come here at a quarter past seven in the evening. वह शाम को सवा सात बजे यहाँ आएगा. 

(9.2.5) Months of the year/ The names of the month of the year/ Conversation between two persons

 Months of the year / The names of the months of the year

A converasation between two persons about the months of the year

Q. How many months are there in a year?

A. There are twelve months in a year.

Q. What are the names of the months?

A. The names of the months are January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, Otober, November and December. 

Q. Which is the first month of the year?

A. The first month of the year is ‘January.’

Q. Which is the last month of the year?

A. The last month of the year is December.

Q. How many days are there in January?

A. There are thirty one days in January.

Q. How many months in a year have thirty days ?

A. There are four months that have thirty days.

Q. What are the names of the months which have 30 days?

A. April, June, September and November have 30 days.

Q. How many months in a year have 31 days?

A. There are seven months that have 31 days.

Q. What are the names of the months which have 31 days?

A. January, March, May, July, August, October and December have 31 days.

Q. Which is the shortest month of the year?

A. February is the shortest month of the year.

Q. Which month comes before June?

A. The month of May comes before June.

Q. Which month comes after November?

A. The month of December comes after November.

Q. Which month comes between April and June?

A. The month of May comes between April and June.

Q’ How many days are there in February in a common or ordinary year?

Ans, There are 28 days in February in a common year.

Q. How many days are there in February in a leap year?

Ans. There are 29 days in February in a leap year.

Q. What is a leap year?

Ans. The year which comes every four years and has 366 days instead of 365 days, is known as a leap year. In a leap year February has 29 days.

Q. How many days are there in a year?

Ans. There are 365 days in a common year but if it is a leap year, there are 366 days in it.


Thursday, 22 August 2024

(9.2.4) Greetings in English अंग्रेजी में अभिवादन

Greetings in English अंग्रेजी में अभिवादन

When to use or say ‘good morning’, ‘good afternoon’ ‘good evening’

In Hindi we greet a person by saying ‘Namaste’, ‘Namskaar’, ‘Pranaam’ etc. at any time of the day. But in English we use different phrases of greetings for different time of the day. They are ‘Good morning’, ‘Good afternoon’, ‘Good evening’, etc. For example –

We use ‘good morning’ from 4 (four) a.m. to 12 (twelve) noon.

Good morning, sir.

Good morning, father.

We use ‘good afternoon’ from (12) twelve noon to 5 (five) p.m.

Good afternoon, mother.

Good afternoon, everybody.

We use ‘good evening’ from 5 (five) p.m. to 12 (twelve) midnight.

Good evening, Hari.

Good evening uncle,

We say ‘goodbye’ when we are parting from someone.

Goodbye, children.

We say ‘good night’ when we are parting from someone at night or before going to sleep. 

Good night, boys.

Questions –

Q. Which words do we use to greet someone in Hindi?

A. We use ‘Namaste’, ‘Namaskar’ or ‘Pranaam’ to greet someone in Hindi.

Q. Which words do we say to greet someone in English?

A. We say ‘Good morning’, ‘Good afternoon’, ‘Good evening’ etc. to greet someone in English.

Q. When do we use ‘Good morning’?

A. We use ‘good morning’ from 4 (four) a.m. to 12 (twelve) noon.

Q. When do we use ‘Good afternoon’?

A. We use ‘good afternoon’ from (12) twelve noon to 5 (five) p.m.

Q. When do we use ‘Good evening’?

A. We use ‘good evening’ from 5 (five) p.m. to 12 (twelve) midnight.

Q. When do we say ‘Good bye’?

A. We say ‘goodbye’ when we are parting from someone.

Q. When do we say ‘Good night’?

A. We say ‘good night’ when we are parting from someone at night or before going to sleep. 

 

 

 

Wednesday, 14 August 2024

(9.2.2) Days of the week

 Days of the week

There are seven days in a week. Their names are as follows –

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.

Q. How many days are there in a week?

A. There are seven days in a week.

Q. Which is the first day of the week?

A. Sunday is the first day of the week.

Q. Which is the last day of the week?

A. Saturday is the last day of the week.

Q. Which day comes after Monday?

A. Tuesday comes after Monday.

Q. Which day comes before Saturday?

A. Friday comes before Saturday.

Q. Which day comes between Thursday and Saturday?

A. Fridayday comes between Thursday and Saturday.

Q. Which day is it today?

A. It is ------ today.

Q. Which day was it yesterday?

A. It was --- yesterday.

Q. Which day will it be tomorrow?

A. It will be ----- Tomorrow.

Q. Which days start with the letter ‘T’ ?

A. Tuesday and Thursday start with the letter “T’.

Q. Which is the fourth day of the week?

A. Wednesday is fourth day of the week.

Q. Which days of the week do you learn spoken English?

A. We learn spoken Englis on --- and -- .

 

 

 

Monday, 12 August 2024

(9.1.7) A dialogue between a book-seller and a customer who has come to buy some story books.

 A dialogue between a book-seller and a customer who has come to buy some story books.

Ganesh : Excuse me, sir.

Book-seller : Yes, what can I do for you?

Ganesh : I want to buy some storybooks.

Book-seller : Oh, that’s a nice idea.

Ganesh : Please, show me some good storybooks.

Book-seller : Why not? Here they are. We have many. Come this way and see for yourself.

Ganesh : They are really good books.

Book-seller : You can select from them.

Ganesh : I have selected these five books.

Book-seller : I shall pack them for you.

Ganesh : What will they cost?

Book-seller : Sixty rupees each. That comes to three hundred rupees in all.

Ganesh : Do you give any dicount?

Book-seller : Yes, we give 10 percent dicount.

Ganesh : How much should I pay then?

Book-seller : You are to pay two hundred and seventy rupees.

Ganesh : Here is the money.

Book-seller : Thank you, sir.

(9.1.6) A Dialogue between two friends sharing a problem

 A Dialogue between two friends sharing a problem –

Ramesh : What is the matter, Suresh? You look very sad.

Suresh : No, nothing. I am fine.

Ramesh : No, no. It seems that something is wrong. What is it? Why don’t you tell me?

Suresh : My father is without a job for the last two months. And I have to pay the school fees tomorrow.

Ramesh : Oh, I am sorry.

Suresh : What shall I do now, Ramesh?

Ramesh : Don’t worry. I shall tell my father about it. I hope he will pay your fees.

Suresh : Thank you, Ramesh.

Ramesh : That’s all right. What are friends for?   

 

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